This concept is displayed by the force-deflection curve in the graph on the top right. Let’s say you have two load requirements for your application, 20 and 28 lb. The first load is output at a working height of 0.08 in., as indicated by the curve’s leftmost blue ‘x’. The 28 lb. load requirement is output at a working height of 0.06 in.
HEGONG SPRING Product Page
Now let’s take a part number out of our catalog for a Crest-to-Crest Wave Spring, C100-M1. The spring has a free height of .250 in. and a working height of .087 in. At this designated work height, the Crest-to-Crest Wave Spring outputs a load of 18 lb. Beyond this work height, the spring may take a set, making the spring forces unpredictable.
Read more about wave spring work height and compression.
Smalley’s wave springs are manufactured using a process called edgewinding. This begins by cold rolling round wire to flat dimensions. Cold rolling causes the metal grains to elongate and lock together, improving the strength and stability of the material.
Once flattened, the wire is then coiled on edge to form a ‘crest-to-crest’ wave structure. The grain follows the direction of the coil, forming a circular-grain metallurgy that provides superior spring properties compared to stamped parts with unidirectional grain.
Edgewinding is a flexible and cost-effective process that enables customized designs without the need for tooling dies and with minimal material waste. In fact, it is the reason behind our No-Tooling-Cost™ policy. This method allows for seamless design changes at any stage, ensuring a quick and economical solution—whether for a prototype or full-scale production.
Selecting the right material is critical for optimal spring performance. There are several factors to consider during spring material selection, such as operating environment, cycle life, and budget.
Standard Smalley wave springs are available in carbon steel and 17-7 stainless steel. Smalley stocks over 40 additional material options, including exotic alloys such as Inconel X-750® and Elgiloy®, to withstand practically any environment.
Table 2. Comparison of materials to environments.
From small to large diameters, light to heavy-duty loads, carbon steel to exotic materials, wave springs have been the trusted, space-saving solution for tens of thousands of applications. From everyday consumer products such as the smartwatch on your wrist to life-saving medical devices such as robotic surgical instruments to extreme environments like oil wells deep under the Earth's surface, to as high as Mars, there is virtually no limit for wave springs.
One common application that utilizes the benefits of a wave spring is a flow valve. As fluid pressure increases a Crest-to-Crest Wave Spring precisely controls the linear displacement of the piston. While many spring systems can be designed into valves, engineers often choose wave springs because of their space-saving capability and linear compression behavior through 80% of the compression range. These unique features allow for more precise and repeatable control of both flow and pressure.
Here at RPK, S.COOP.[F-01.009.554] (the “Company”) we are aware of user concerns regarding privacy. This Online Privacy Policy describes the types of personal data obtained through this site, how we use user data and in accordance with which legal terms, who we communicate it to, how long we store the data and the rights and options available to the users of our Site regarding the use made of their personal data. Similarly, we outline the measures taken to protect the security of the personal data gathered and how users can contact us to find out about our methods used concerning privacy.
Person/entity responsible for data processing
The entity responsible for processing personal data (that is the person/entity responsible for data storage) is RPK, S.COOP. [F-01.009.554] [Calle Portal de Gamarra, 34, , Vitoria-Gasteiz (Álava)].
The Site user expressly voluntarily and clearly agrees to the inclusion of all their personal data provided to the Company on the site, , blogs or social media sites belonging to the Company in files which are both the property and the responsibility of the Company, as well as the processing of all their personal data for the purposes outlined in the following sections of this Online Privacy Policy and which is subject to the terms and conditions set out herein. Our practises regarding privacy may vary in the different countries in which we operate in an aim to reflect local practices and legal requirements.
The data we gather
On our Site we gather certain data including personal data. The types of personal data we may gather may include the following:
How we use the data we gather and the legal grounds
The data we gather may be used for the following purposes:
In the event that we use your personal data in a different way to that described above, we will specifically inform you at the time we gather the data.
Data storage
The Company will store the user’s personal data solely for the period necessary to fulfil the purposes for which it was gathered unless you revoke the consent granted. Subsequently, in the event that it is necessary, the information will remain blocked for the legally established periods.
The Information we Share
The personal data of users gathered on this Site may be revealed to third parties solely in accordance with that established in this Online Privacy Notice. The personal data gathered on the Site may be passed on to [companies in the Group?] for administration and internal management purposes. We will also pass on this personal data to logistic services, IT and website development and management providers, and marketing agencies which provide services on our behalf based on our instructions. We do not authorize these service providers to reveal or disseminate the personal data of users except for those uses which are strictly necessary for the provision of the services in our name or to comply with legal requirements. Furthermore, we may reveal personal user data (i) if we are obliged to do so by law or within the framework of a legal procedure, (ii) to security forces or other civil servants requesting this legally, (iii) when we consider that this is necessary or beneficial to prevent physical harm or financial loss or (iv) within the framework of investigation into fraudulent or illegal activities or those presumed to be. We reserve the right to transfer the user’s personal data in the event of the sale or transfer of the whole or part of our company or our assets (including the cases of restructuring, dissolution or liquidation) in accordance with the applicable legislation.
User Rights and Choices
We provide different options regarding the personal data gathered from you on our Site. In order to update these preferences, delete your personal data from our emailing lists or present a request to do so, please contact us in accordance with that outlined in the section titled “How to Contact us” in this Online Privacy Agreement.
To the extent that this is established by the law of your jurisdiction and in the terms set out therein, You may exercise your rights to access, rectify, delete and object to, as well as to limit the data processing and portability, by sending us written correspondence in accordance with that indicated in the section “How to Contact us” in this Online Privacy Notice. To the extent that this is established by law, you may revoke any consent previously granted or object at any time, for legitimate reasons, to the processing of your personal data, by contacting us in accordance with that set out in the Section “How to Contact us” in this Online Privacy Agreement and we will apply your preferences as stated.
Data Transfer
Your personal data gathered on this Site may be transferred for the purposes described above, [] either in the USA or in other countries. These countries may not have the same data protection regulations as the country in which you initially provided your personal data. When we transfer your personal data to other countries, we will protect you in accordance with that established in this Online Privacy Policy. For European Union (“EU”) or Swiss residents, in accordance with the applicable legislation, we have implemented safeguards to guarantee a suitable level of protection for any data transferred beyond your borders. These safeguards include us signing European Commission-type Contractual Clauses for the transfer of your data.
Data storage
Your personal data will be stored during your relationship with us or until you withdraw your consent. Once our relationship with you has terminated or you have exercised your right to have data deleted, your data will be stored, duly blocked, to the extent that it is necessary to the effects of the liability of the Company, available to law courts and tribunals, the Tax Authorities or the competent Public Authorities, for the requirements of the liability derived from the data processing for the period of prescription of these (in general, six years for accounting statements).
How we Protect the Personal Data
We have in place administrative, technical and physical safeguards designed to protect the personal data that users have provided to us against its destruction, loss, alteration, communication or accidental, legal or unauthorized use.
Enlaces a Otros Sitios Web y Plug Ins de Tercero
Our Site may contain links to other sites for the convenience and information for our users. These sites may be operated by other companies with no connections to us. As a rule, these linked sites have their own privacy policies or notices which we recommend you read carefully in the event that you visit any of these linked sites. We do not assume any liability regarding the content of web sites with no connection with us or for the use made of these sites or the privacy practices of these sites. The providers of plug-ins included in our Site such as for example social media plug-ins may use automatic resources to gather personal data on Site usage by the users and their interaction with these elements. Gathering this personal data
For more information, please visit belleville washers.
is subject to the privacy policies or notices of the providers of these plug-ins and not to this Online Privacy Notice. To the extent of that permitted by the applicable legislation, we assume no liability for the data protection practices of these providers.
Updates to our Online Privacy Notice
This Online Privacy Notice (and also its appendices) may be subject to regular updates with no prior notice to reflect the changes introduced to our personal data practises. When these involve major changes, we will notify you with a visible notice on our Site, indicating at the top of our Online Privacy Notice the date of the latest update and whenever legally applicable, we may request your consent once more.
How to Contact us
Users may contact us to update their data or exercise their rights in accordance with this Online Privacy Notice by sending an to or in writing to :
RPK, S.COOP. [F-01.009.554], Calle Portal de Gamarra, 34, , Vitoria-Gasteiz (Álava).
Here at RPK, S.COOP.[F-01.009.554] (the “Company”) we are aware of user concerns regarding privacy. This Online Privacy Policy describes the types of personal data obtained through this site, how we use user data and in accordance with which legal terms, who we communicate it to, how long we store the data and the rights and options available to the users of our Site regarding the use made of their personal data. Similarly, we outline the measures taken to protect the security of the personal data gathered and how users can contact us to find out about our methods used concerning privacy.
Person/entity responsible for data processing
The entity responsible for processing personal data (that is the person/entity responsible for data storage) is RPK, S.COOP. [F-01.009.554] [Calle Portal de Gamarra, 34, , Vitoria-Gasteiz (Álava)].
The Site user expressly voluntarily and clearly agrees to the inclusion of all their personal data provided to the Company on the site, , blogs or social media sites belonging to the Company in files which are both the property and the responsibility of the Company, as well as the processing of all their personal data for the purposes outlined in the following sections of this Online Privacy Policy and which is subject to the terms and conditions set out herein. Our practises regarding privacy may vary in the different countries in which we operate in an aim to reflect local practices and legal requirements.
The data we gather
On our Site we gather certain data including personal data. The types of personal data we may gather may include the following:
How we use the data we gather and the legal grounds
The data we gather may be used for the following purposes:
In the event that we use your personal data in a different way to that described above, we will specifically inform you at the time we gather the data.
Data storage
The Company will store the user’s personal data solely for the period necessary to fulfil the purposes for which it was gathered unless you revoke the consent granted. Subsequently, in the event that it is necessary, the information will remain blocked for the legally established periods.
The Information we Share
The personal data of users gathered on this Site may be revealed to third parties solely in accordance with that established in this Online Privacy Notice. The personal data gathered on the Site may be passed on to [companies in the Group?] for administration and internal management purposes. We will also pass on this personal data to logistic services, IT and website development and management providers, and marketing agencies which provide services on our behalf based on our instructions. We do not authorize these service providers to reveal or disseminate the personal data of users except for those uses which are strictly necessary for the provision of the services in our name or to comply with legal requirements. Furthermore, we may reveal personal user data (i) if we are obliged to do so by law or within the framework of a legal procedure, (ii) to security forces or other civil servants requesting this legally, (iii) when we consider that this is necessary or beneficial to prevent physical harm or financial loss or (iv) within the framework of investigation into fraudulent or illegal activities or those presumed to be. We reserve the right to transfer the user’s personal data in the event of the sale or transfer of the whole or part of our company or our assets (including the cases of restructuring, dissolution or liquidation) in accordance with the applicable legislation.
User Rights and Choices
We provide different options regarding the personal data gathered from you on our Site. In order to update these preferences, delete your personal data from our emailing lists or present a request to do so, please contact us in accordance with that outlined in the section titled “How to Contact us” in this Online Privacy Agreement.
To the extent that this is established by the law of your jurisdiction and in the terms set out therein, You may exercise your rights to access, rectify, delete and object to, as well as to limit the data processing and portability, by sending us written correspondence in accordance with that indicated in the section “How to Contact us” in this Online Privacy Notice. To the extent that this is established by law, you may revoke any consent previously granted or object at any time, for legitimate reasons, to the processing of your personal data, by contacting us in accordance with that set out in the Section “How to Contact us” in this Online Privacy Agreement and we will apply your preferences as stated.
Data Transfer
Your personal data gathered on this Site may be transferred for the purposes described above, [] either in the USA or in other countries. These countries may not have the same data protection regulations as the country in which you initially provided your personal data. When we transfer your personal data to other countries, we will protect you in accordance with that established in this Online Privacy Policy. For European Union (“EU”) or Swiss residents, in accordance with the applicable legislation, we have implemented safeguards to guarantee a suitable level of protection for any data transferred beyond your borders. These safeguards include us signing European Commission-type Contractual Clauses for the transfer of your data.
Data storage
Your personal data will be stored during your relationship with us or until you withdraw your consent. Once our relationship with you has terminated or you have exercised your right to have data deleted, your data will be stored, duly blocked, to the extent that it is necessary to the effects of the liability of the Company, available to law courts and tribunals, the Tax Authorities or the competent Public Authorities, for the requirements of the liability derived from the data processing for the period of prescription of these (in general, six years for accounting statements).
How we Protect the Personal Data
We have in place administrative, technical and physical safeguards designed to protect the personal data that users have provided to us against its destruction, loss, alteration, communication or accidental, legal or unauthorized use.
Enlaces a Otros Sitios Web y Plug Ins de Tercero
Our Site may contain links to other sites for the convenience and information for our users. These sites may be operated by other companies with no connections to us. As a rule, these linked sites have their own privacy policies or notices which we recommend you read carefully in the event that you visit any of these linked sites. We do not assume any liability regarding the content of web sites with no connection with us or for the use made of these sites or the privacy practices of these sites. The providers of plug-ins included in our Site such as for example social media plug-ins may use automatic resources to gather personal data on Site usage by the users and their interaction with these elements. Gathering this personal data
is subject to the privacy policies or notices of the providers of these plug-ins and not to this Online Privacy Notice. To the extent of that permitted by the applicable legislation, we assume no liability for the data protection practices of these providers.
Updates to our Online Privacy Notice
This Online Privacy Notice (and also its appendices) may be subject to regular updates with no prior notice to reflect the changes introduced to our personal data practises. When these involve major changes, we will notify you with a visible notice on our Site, indicating at the top of our Online Privacy Notice the date of the latest update and whenever legally applicable, we may request your consent once more.
How to Contact us
Users may contact us to update their data or exercise their rights in accordance with this Online Privacy Notice by sending an to or in writing to :
RPK, S.COOP. [F-01.009.554], Calle Portal de Gamarra, 34, , Vitoria-Gasteiz (Álava).