Advantages and Limitations of Ozone Generators - Environics, Inc.

30 Jun.,2025

 

Advantages and Limitations of Ozone Generators - Environics, Inc.

Ozone (O3) is a highly reactive form of oxygen that consists of three oxygen atoms, enabling it to break down contaminants and pollutants effectively. It’s abundant in the earth’s atmosphere and is routinely generated as a byproduct of human activities. But ozone is also a powerful process gas with a raft of industrial applications. The powerful oxidizing properties of ozone make it an effective disinfectant that can neutralize a wide range of bacteria, microorganisms, protozoa, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and so on. Hence, ozone generation is an important process.

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Ozone generators not only play a vital role in producing ozone mixtures and standards for industrial and research usage, but are also integral for calibrating ambient analyzers. Understanding the advantages and limitations of ozone generators is essential for selecting the most suitable system for your needs. Generators for calibration, for example, only need to generate low levels of ozone but with extreme precision. This article will discuss the benefits, drawbacks, and key considerations for ozone generators in ambient analyzer calibration.

Advantages of Ozone Generators

  1. Accuracy: Environics’ ozone calibration technology, combined with thermal mass flow controllers (MFCs), can produce highly precise and accurate ozone concentrations. Our ozone calibrators and dilution systems exceed the accuracy required by the EPA for Ambient Calibrators, ensuring that ozone concentrations are controlled and monitored effectively. In addition, ozone generators can be optimized for low levels of ozone, down to 5 ppb to meet 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix A requirements at NCORE and trace sites.
  2. Precision: Ozone generators allow for controlled ozone production, which is crucial for calibration purposes. They use photo-optical feedback circuits to support the generation of ozone with reliability of within 2%. 
  3. Custom Solutions:  Ozone generators can be tailored to meet specific calibration needs. At Environics, we specialize in custom systems designed to meet the unique needs of our customers. With thousands of systems in the field, we have developed an extensive library of applications and solutions, making us the world leader in user-friendly computerized gas flow instrumentation.

Limitations of Ozone Generators

  1. Maintenance: Proper ozone generator maintenance and calibration are crucial to ensure consistent ozone production. 
  2. Technical Complexity: Operating and maintaining ozone generators require a certain level of technical expertise. Improper use or maintenance can lead to inaccurate calibration results.
  3. Software Updates: With the recent update to the absorption cross-section value for surface ozone measurements, older units may require software updates or hardware modifications to ensure accurate calibration. This can add to the complexity and cost of using ozone generators for calibration.

Choosing the Right Ozone Generator: Key Factors to Consider

Selecting the right ozone generator requires considering several key factors. One of the main decisions is whether photometric control of the ozone is required.  Environics® Series Ozone Transfer Standard with Photometer is a great choice to guarantee accurate ozone production and measurement. Regular maintenance and calibration are essential for maintaining the performance and accuracy of ozone generators, so look for a system with accessible calibration tools and support. It is also important to consider the current absorption cross-section for atmospheric ozone calibrations. This parameter has been called into question in recent years, with a consensus suggesting the uncertainty be significantly decreased.. Finally, understanding your specific application requirements, such as desired ozone concentrations, exposure times, and system size, will help you choose the most suitable ozone generator for your needs.

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In summary, ozone generators offer significant advantages for ambient calibrations. We have been proactive in keeping up-to-date with the latest scientific advancements, offering new operating software to the update the absorption cross-section if and when needed. This would involve a relatively simple EPROM swap. Newer units feature PC501 operating software which can be adjusted via various methods.

If you are interested in learning more about ozone generation, read our previous article on the Photometric Procedure for Ozone Transfer Standards.

If you require more information about ozone generators, ozone transfer standards, or custom gas mixing solutions, contact Environics today. Our team is dedicated to customer service before, during, and after your system is built, and we stand by our systems, believing in building long-term relationships with our customers. Let us help you find the most suitable solution for your needs.

Ozone Therapy: What It Is, Uses and Side Effects

In general, toxins are poisonous to humans. But is it possible that a toxin — when administered correctly — can offer health benefits? Researchers have asked that question about ozone gas for over a century.

Ozone (O3) is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms. It’s highly unstable and explosive in liquid or solid form. But as a gas, this supercharged oxygen may potentially have therapeutic qualities.

Some believe that ozone gas can be administered through ozone therapy to heal wounds, relieve pain and treat disease. But this remains a controversial practice given limited evidence on its safety.

In , the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a warning against using ozone therapy. This is because there isn’t enough evidence yet to prove that it’s effective or safe, says pulmonologist Vickram Tejwani, MD.

“There may potentially be a role for ozone therapy someday, but right now it hasn’t been studied enough,” says Dr. Tejwani. ”We need more data on the potential side effects, which could be severe, before we start offering it as a mainstream therapy or treatment.”

Here’s what you need to know:

What is ozone therapy?

Ozone therapy uses medical-grade ozone created using an ozone generator device. The intent of ozone therapy is to increase the amount of oxygen in your body.

A higher oxygen level can boost your immune system while promoting healing, explains Dr. Tejwani. It does that through cell regeneration — the process of replacing or repairing damaged cells.

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How ozone therapy is administered

There are several ways to administer ozone gas, but it shouldn’t be inhaled. This can cause severe irritation and fluid buildup in your lungs. Safer methods for delivering ozone therapy include:

  • Applying it to your skin by exposing a section of your body to ozone gas under a protective covering (also called ozone sauna) or by applying an ozone solution to your skin (often for wound healing).
  • Blowing gas into your body, typically through your ears, rectum or vagina.
  • Mixing it with your blood. Ozone gas can be dissolved in a sample of your blood and then reintroduced back into your body through an IV through a process called autohemotherapy.
  • Ingesting it by consuming small amounts of ozone gas dissolved in oil or water.
  • Injecting it into one of your muscles through a shot containing a mixture of oxygen and ozone.

Potential health benefits of ozone therapy

There is low-quality and limited evidence that ozone therapy could offer health benefits. These include:

  • Immune system support because ozone therapy activates your immune system and boosts immunity.
  • Improved blood circulation, as more oxygen travels to your cells, tissues and organs.
  • Protection from invaders like bacteria, viruses and fungi by halting their growth and reducing their survival.
  • Reduced oxidative stress, which is an imbalance of cell-damaging free radicals and protective antioxidants that can lead to inflammation and chronic disease.

“Ozone therapy functions like an antioxidant or anti-inflammatory,” says Dr. Tejwani. “It could potentially be used for any type of inflammation, whether in a wound or related to conditions such as diabetes or arthritis.”

Research is ongoing to determine the safety and potential uses of ozone therapy. But it has been studied for conditions such as:

  • Breathing disorders, like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  • Cancer.
  • Diabetes.
  • Fibromyalgia.
  • Immune disorders such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  • Musculoskeletal disorders like disk herniation or carpal tunnel syndrome.

Ozone therapy side effects and risks

The FDA has yet to authorize or regulate ozone therapy. For now, the possible side effects outweigh the potential health benefits, says Dr. Tejwani.

Some potential side effects of ozone therapy include:

  • Air embolism: If air bubbles form during IV ozone therapy, they can cause a blocked vein or artery and a potentially serious condition such as a stroke or heart attack.
  • Discomfort and cramping: These side effects can occur when ozone gas is blown into your body, usually through your rectum.
  • Herxheimer reaction: You may experience some flu-like symptoms as ozone therapy relieves inflammation and kills viruses and bacteria.

Dangers of inhaling ozone gas

Breathing in medical-grade ozone, even in very low doses, is harmful. Short-term exposure to a small amount of ozone can cause severe and permanent damage to your lungs and respiratory system.

Inhaling ozone is never recommended, but it can happen accidentally — especially if you attempt to administer it yourself. As ozone is unpredictable and unstable, it requires precision in the amount used and how it’s administered. Never attempt to do it yourself.

The initial effects of breathing in ozone may be burning eyes, coughing, nausea or a headache. But the long-term effects could be severe.

“If you inhale the ozone in the environment, you won’t get lung disease after a single inhalation,” states Dr. Tejwani. “But if you inhale some unregulated and unstandardized amount of ozone, it could potentially cause an acute lung injury.”

Over time, inhaled ozone could lead to chronic lung diseases such as asthma or COPD, or worsen any preexisting lung disease.

Bottom line: Is ozone therapy safe?

There just isn’t enough evidence to confirm that ozone therapy is safe, cautions Dr. Tejwani.

Ozone therapy hasn’t been tested in large-scale clinical trials conducted on humans. Until that happens and there’s a better understanding of the risks versus rewards, ozone therapy will continue to be an unregulated, alternative therapy.

“There are just so many steps to go,” Dr. Tejwani adds. “There’s a lot of work to be done as far as standardizing the dosage, clarifying what illnesses ozone therapy would be effective for and ensuring it’s administered the right way.”

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