A Guide to Gabion Mesh Design & Standards in AU - SSWM

26 May.,2025

 

A Guide to Gabion Mesh Design & Standards in AU - SSWM

Around Australia, professionals designing and implementing gabion mesh retaining structures commonly adhere to the AS – Earth Retaining Structures. This standard guides the engineering and construction of structures intended to withstand lateral earth pressures. 

For more information, please visit Shitai.

While AS is extensive in its coverage of earth-retaining structures, it does not specify any details towards the design of gabions. However, it outlines the performance requirements these structures must meet depending on their intended application. This ensures that irrespective of the specific design or material used, the structures are safe, durable, and effective in fulfilling their retaining role.

SSWM offer several grades of stainless steel that are suitable for Gabions including:

  • Grade 304: Advised for areas away from the coast where soil and groundwater salinity levels are low.
  • Grade 316: Suitable for coastal areas or locations with moderate salinity levels in soil and groundwater.
  • Grade : The choice for environments with seawater immersion or high salinity levels.

These material recommendations align with the durability and design life expectations outlined in AS , particularly in sections 3.4.2 (Design Life) and 3.5 (Durability and Performance Over Time), ensuring the long-term effectiveness of gabion structures.

When incorporating gabions into landscape or civil engineering projects, it’s essential to grasp the key design considerations to ensure their stability, durability, and aesthetic appeal.

Gabions are simple structures, yet they require thoughtful planning and attention to detail to ensure they work effectively for their intended lifetime. 

Let’s dive into their design and what you’ll need to consider.

If you are looking for more details, kindly visit Hexagonal Gabion Mesh.

Gabion mesh is calclated by the distance between two adjacent parallel wires, measured from centre to centre of wires. The mesh must be carefully selected to balance the containment of backfill material, drainage capacity, and aesthetic considerations. A mesh that is too large could lead to material loss (rocks falling out!), while a mesh that is too small could create drainage issues and water pressure within the structures.

Please consult with your local council prior to building a retaining wall. Each state/territory has their own requirements for retaining wall heights before a permit is required, typically these are:           

  • Australian Capital Territory: 400mm
  • Queensland: mm
  • New South Wales: mm
  • South Australia: 200mm
  • Tasmania: mm
  • Victoria: mm
  • Western Australia: 500mm

The width-to-height ratio of gabions affects their stability. As a general rule, the width of the gabion should never exceed 1/3rd of the height. Adhering to recommended dimensions can prevent overturning and sliding under load. This is particularly important in retaining wall applications, where the forces exerted on the structure demand careful calculation and planning.

Effective drainage is necessary to prevent water pressure from building up behind the gabion, which could lead to structural failure. The backfill must allow for drainage. And consider whether additional drainage solutions are required, to protect the structure from water damage and extends its lifespan.

Design considerations should include structural analysis to mitigate risks such as environmental impact, safety hazards, and property damage. By planning for these scenarios, designers can enhance the safety and performance of gabion structures and prevent failure

Margin for error is slim, and the consequences of it are significant. At SSWM, we understand that the foundation of any enduring gabion structure lies not only in its design but also in the quality of the materials used. Our commitment to providing top-tier, Australian Standard-compliant materials – from Grade 304 for low salinity environments to Grade 316 and for more demanding conditions – underscores our dedication to the success of your projects.

To speak to our team about Gabion Mesh for your next project, please get in touch. We’ll help your team get things done right.

For more information, please visit Hexagonal Gabion Box.

Gabion Baskets: Definition, Types, and Selection Guide - qbmetal

Gabion Wall Baskets: Parameters, Manufacturing Process, and Applications

Process: Metal wires are woven through a gabion machine to create hexagonal mesh openings. This makes the mesh structure flexible and able to follow the land contours and vary the water velocities as desired in its application in the control of rivers and water flow.
Gabion Wall Baskets Parameters:
1、Wire Diameter: 
• Mesh Wire: 2-4mm.
• Edge Wire: The diameter is usually about 0.5mm to 1mm more than that of the mesh wire.
• Tie Wire: It is usually between 2mm2.5mm in diameter.
2、Steel Wire Tensile Strength:
• The steel wire tensile strength complies with the standard of ISO , which is 350MPa-500MPa.
• The yield strength of the wire is normally in the range of 250MPa-450MPa.
3、Mesh:
• Aperture Some of the common aperture sizes are; 60x80mm, 80x100mm, 100x120mm.
4、Gabion Box Dimensions (L x W x H):
• Some of the popular sizes are: 2x1x1m, 3x1x1m, 4x1x1m and other customized sizes.
5、Wire Twist Type:
• 3-Twist Weave: In every intersection, the metal wires are twisted three times.
• 5-Twist Weave: At each intersection, the metal wires are twisted five times for better strength and stability. 

Welded Wire Gabion Baskets: Structure, Benefits, and Applications

The welding process includes welding steel wires in both the vertical and horizontal positions to produce rectangular mesh openings. The mesh panels are joined to each other to create a six-panel rectangular container with a level and even surface. This structure is used in a variety of applications that demand high strength, including retaining walls, gabion wall fence, and landscape designs.
Welded Wire Gabion Baskets Parameters:
• Mesh Wire Diameter: 2mm – 6mm
• Spiral Wire Diameter: 2.4mm – 3.8mm
• Mesh Aperture Sizes: 50x50, 60x60, 50x70, and others
• Gabion Box Dimensions (LxWxH): 0.5×0.5×1m, 1×1×1m, 1×1×2m and other custom sizes
• Connection Methods: The panels are connected by spiral binding wire, C-rings or U-clips to give it a strong and stable construction.