Carmakers spend a lot of engineering hours trying to reduce the weight of today's vehicles. Don't undermine their efforts — and the gas savings they represent — by leaving unnecessary items in the luggage compartment, on the back seat or in the bed.
Golf clubs are a common violator, but so is random dead weight like those boxes of books you keep meaning to donate. Or, dear lord, a case of individual water bottles for after-workout hydration.
Do you drive a vehicle with three rows of seats — and never use that third row? It's quite possible you can remove that third row and leave the seats in the garage until needed. These can weigh 30 pounds or more.
Every time you accelerate, you're using fuel to get your car, your passengers and all that junk up to speed with you. And frankly, every time you brake, you're turning that energy into heat. How much gas are you wasting by having extra weight in your car? This depends on your car, but the EPA estimates 1% in fuel mileage reduction per 100 pounds. On a per-gallon cost basis, that's about $0.03, using current EPA baseline figures.
Get your trunk in order and you'll save money, too.
When they're not worrying about the weight of their designs, auto engineers fret about the aerodynamics. Improvements to how your car slips through the air matter most at high speeds, a.k.a. highway miles. The most common way drivers hurt their aerodynamics — and thus gas mileage — is by putting items on the roof.
Do you have activities (cycling, skiing, going down to the beach house) that mandate a lot of equipment? Consider whether you could use a hitch-mounted rack or box instead. Tucking the load into the slipstream of your car will save fuel.
If you must put items on the rooftop (perhaps your kayak?), remove the rack when you can. And, finally, if your vehicle came with a factory roof rack that you never use, see if you can remove the crossbars. You'll save a few pounds this way, too.
The EPA estimates that using a "large, blunt roof-top cargo box" can save fuel by up to 25% on the Interstate. This could see savings of $0.06 to $0.53 per gallon.
Americans continue to wildly overestimate how much fuel it takes to start an engine versus to keep it running. The reality is, once you're stopped, your car is wasting fuel after about 7-10 seconds of idling.
That's why newer gas cars (and virtually all hybrids) have a feature that shuts the internal combustion engine off during stops when the brake is applied. The car's still "on," but the engine isn't. Push the pedal and the engine snaps back on and off you go. The feature annoys some people — and in truth the smoothness of the systems varies among vehicles — but the gas savings are real.
If you want to maximize mileage, don't disable the auto on-off feature. And everyone can stop leaving their car on while running back into the house or running a short errand. You're not running a bank job — and it's a prime way to get carjacked.
No list of gas-saving tips would be complete without the admonition to slow down. There's no getting around the fact that lower speeds require less fuel, mostly because aerodynamic resistance increases with the square of speed.
So, that's the lecture. But driving to save fuel doesn't have to be a dull crawl in the slow lane. Try thinking of it this way: Brakes turn your money into heat, so can you avoid using them?
This isn't meant to encourage dangerous behavior like not stopping for stop signs or the like. Rather, tune your anticipation skills. Look down the road farther, and coast down by lifting your foot off the accelerator when you know that traffic signal's going to change to red. You might actually find it rewarding. Bonus: You'll be a safer driver, too, which could help with those insurance costs.
While hybrid and electric vehicles are best equipped to take advantage of this approach (through regenerative braking), many conventional gas cars now engage power-sapping accessories like the alternator during coast-down to maximize fuel efficiency.
As for accelerating, if you know you're going to be holding a higher speed for a while, like when you're merging onto a highway, go ahead and push the gas as hard as you need. Not only is slow acceleration in this situation potentially dangerous, it doesn't actually save fuel.
All cars built since have what's called Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS). These do what the name says: Monitor that your tires have air pressure.
The hitch is this: That light may not come on until a tire is more than 25% lower than the recommended pressure. And if you wait for that, you're potentially endangering yourself (an underinflated tire can compromise your car's handling or even lead to a tire blowout) and wasting money (underinflated tires reduce your gas mileage by roughly 0.2% per pound that they're low).
Doesn’t sound like much, but try this math: If your recommended inflation pressure is 40 psi, and you're 25% low on air, that's a 2% hit to your gas mileage. Plus, underinflated tires wear more quickly and unevenly, reducing your tire life.
There's just no substitute for buying a decent-quality tire gauge (between $5 and $15) and using it at least once a month. Even if you can figure out how to get your vehicle's TPMS to show each tire's individual pressure on your information screen, we'd still backstop this with a handheld gauge.
Finding the cheapest fuel can be sport for some. But apps like Gas Buddy and Gas Guru make it almost too easy to find the best gas deals. Since you can use them to screen for brands, you can also make sure you're getting good quality fuel, which, in the long run, matters to the health of your car.
Joining a membership club like Costco or Sam's Club for gas savings could also pay off. Figuring how quickly you'll recoup your membership cost with the per-gallon savings on their discounted fuel is pretty easy math.
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